Python的轮子 -- 常用的包、库、软件

一些比较好用的 Python 框架、库、软件等的合集, 基于awesome-python.

Python环境管理

Python版本和虚拟环境管理.

  • virtualenv - 最常用的Python虚拟环境管理工具.
  • p - 非常简单的Python版本管理工具.
  • pyenv - 简单的Python版本管理工具.
  • PyRun - 一个单文件、免安装的Python运行环境.
  • Vex - 在virtualenv中运行命令的工具.
  • virtualenvwrapper - virtualenv的插件合集.

包管理工具

包和依赖管理工具.

  • pip - 即Python Package Index, 最常用的Python包管理工具.
  • pip-tools - 保持pip的包最新的同步工具.
  • conda - 跨平台的二进制包管理工具.
  • Curdling - 命令行包管理工具.
  • wheel - 标准Python打包工具（用来替代eggs）.

打包发布工具

打包发布和安装包制作工具.

  • PyInstaller - 将Python程序转换为跨平台的可执行程序(客户无需安装python即可运行).
  • dh-virtualenv - 将virtualenv环境打包成可发布的Debian软件包.
  • Nuitka - 将python脚本、模块、包编译成可执行或可扩展模块.
  • py2app - Python代码打包成 Mac OS X App 的工具.
  • py2exe - Python转exe(Windows).
  • pynsist - Windows安装包制作工具，会将Python一起打包.

交互式工具（REPL）

交互式Python执行工具 (REPL).

  • IPython - 强大，比较常用的Python交互shell.
  • bpython – 一个便捷的Python交互工具.
  • ptpython - 先进的Python交互工具.

文件

文件操作和MIME类型描述等.

  • imghdr - (Python内置标准库) 判断图片类型的库.
  • mimetypes - (Python内置标准库) 获取文件的MIME类型描述.
  • path.py - os.path的便捷版本.
  • pathlib - (Python3.4+ 内置标准库) 跨平台的文件路径库.
  • python-magic - libmagic 的便捷版本.
  • Unipath - 一个面向对象的文件和目录操作库.
  • watchdog - 监视文件系统改动的库.

时间和日期

关于时间和日期的库.

  • arrow - 更好用的时间日期库.
  • Chronyk - Python3 时间日期解析库.
  • dateutil - Python标准模块 datetime 的扩展.
  • delorean - 处理跨时区、时间和日期的库.
  • moment - 时间日期处理库，Moment.js的Python 版.
  • PyTime - 易用的的时间处理库，把date/time/datetime当成string来处理.
  • pytz - 世界时区的库. 使用 tz database.
  • when.py - 用户友好的时间日期操作库.

文本处理

解析和操作普通文本的库.

  • 通用
    • chardet - 兼容 Python 2/3 的字符编码检测.
    • difflib - (Python内置标准库) 差异计算工具.
    • esmre - 正则表达式加速器.
    • ftfy - Unicode文本乱码自动修复.
    • fuzzywuzzy - 文本模糊匹配(包含相似度计算).
    • Levenshtein - 字符串莱文斯坦距离和相似度计算.
    • pangu.py - 中日韩文分词库.
    • pyfiglet - figlet的Python实现.
    • shortuuid - 简洁，唯一，URL安全的UUID生成器.
    • unidecode - Unicode转ASCII.
    • uniout - 打印可读的字符串（自动消除转义）.
    • xpinyin - 将中文汉字转化为拼音.
  • 字符串转义(Slugify)
  • 解析器(Parser)

特定文本格式处理（word、excel、pdf、markdown等）

解析和处理特定文本格式的库.

  • 通用
    • tablib - XLS, CSV, JSON, YAML处理.
  • Office
    • Marmir - 把Python数据结构转化成表格.
    • openpyxl - 读写微软Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm 文件.
    • python-docx - 读写微软Word 2007/2008 docx文件.
    • unoconv - LibreOffice/OpenOffice 文档格式转化.
    • XlsxWriter - 创建 .xlsx 文件的库.
    • xlwings - 读写 Excel.
    • xlwt / xlrd - 读写 Excel 文件.
    • relatorio - OpenDocument文件模版库.
  • PDF
  • Markdown
    • Mistune - 快速，功能齐全的Markdown解析器.
    • Python-Markdown - John Gruber的Markdown的Python实现.
  • YAML
    • PyYAML - YAML的Python实现.
  • CSV
    • csvkit - CSV转化和操作库.
  • 压缩文件
    • unp - 压缩文件处理库（.tar, .gz, .zip, .7z, .bz, .rar 等）.

自然语言处理

自然语言处理库.

  • NLTK - 最常用的Python自然语言处理平台.
  • jieba - 中文分词.
  • langid.py - 自动判断语言类型（可判别英文、中文等97种语言）.
  • Pattern - 网络文本挖掘和分析.
  • SnowNLP - 中文文本处理库(分词、词性、情感分析等).
  • TextBlob - 便捷的NLP通用库.

文档工具

生成项目文档的工具.

  • Sphinx - 功能强大的文档生成器，广泛用于Python社区的各种文档.
  • MkDocs - 使用Markdown的文档生成器.
  • pdoc - 自动为Python库生成文档.
  • Pycco - "文艺编程"风格的文档生成器.

配置

存储和解析配置的库.

图片

Libraries for manipulating images.

  • pillow - Pillow is the friendly PIL fork.
  • hmap - Image histogram remapping.
  • imgSeek - A project for searching a collection of images using visual similarity.
  • nude.py - Nudity detection.
  • pyBarcode - Create barcodes in Python without needing PIL.
  • pygram - Instagram-like image filters.
  • python-qrcode - A pure Python QR Code generator.
  • Quads - Computer art based on quadtrees.
  • scikit-image - A Python library for (scientific) image processing.
  • thumbor - A smart imaging service. It enables on-demand crop, re-sizing and flipping of images.
  • wand - Python bindings for MagickWand, C API for ImageMagick.

文字识别（OCR）

文字识别库, OCR(Optical Character Recognition).

音频

Libraries for manipulating audio.

  • audiolazy - Expressive Digital Signal Processing (DSP) package for Python.
  • audioread - Cross-library (GStreamer + Core Audio + MAD + FFmpeg) audio decoding.
  • beets - A music library manager and MusicBrainz tagger.
  • dejavu - Audio fingerprinting and recognition.
  • django-elastic-transcoder - Django + Amazon Elastic Transcoder.
  • eyeD3 - A tool for working with audio files, specifically MP3 files containing ID3 metadata.
  • id3reader - A Python module for reading MP3 meta data.
  • m3u8 - A module for parsing m3u8 file.
  • mutagen - A Python module to handle audio metadata.
  • pydub - Manipulate audio with a simple and easy high level interface.
  • pyechonest - Python client for the Echo Nest API.
  • talkbox - A Python library for speech/signal processing.
  • TimeSide - Open web audio processing framework.
  • tinytag - A library for reading music meta data of MP3, OGG, FLAC and Wave files.
  • mingus - An advanced music theory and notation package with MIDI file and playback support.

视频

Libraries for manipulating video and GIFs.

  • moviepy - A module for script-based movie editing with many formats, including animated GIFs.
  • scikit-video - Video processing routines for SciPy.

地理位置

Libraries for geocoding addresses and working with latitudes and longitudes.

  • GeoDjango - A world-class geographic web framework.
  • GeoIP - Python API for MaxMind GeoIP Legacy Database.
  • geojson - Python bindings and utilities for GeoJSON.
  • geopy - Python Geocoding Toolbox.
  • pygeoip - Pure Python GeoIP API.
  • django-countries - A Django app that provides country choices for use with forms, flag icons static files, and a country field for models.

HTTP

Libraries for working with HTTP.

  • requests - HTTP Requests for Humans™.
  • grequests - requests + gevent for asynchronous HTTP requests.
  • httplib2 - Comprehensive HTTP client library.
  • treq - Python requests like API built on top of Twisted's HTTP client.
  • urllib3 - A HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, sanity friendly.

数据库

用Python写的数据库.

  • pickleDB - A simple and lightweight key-value store for Python.
  • PipelineDB - The Streaming SQL Database.
  • TinyDB - A tiny, document-oriented database.
  • ZODB - A native object database for Python. A key-value and object graph database.

数据库驱动（连接件）

连接和操作数据库.

  • MySQL
    • mysql-python - Python默认的MySQL连接件.
    • mysqlclient - 支持Python 3，是mysql-python的一个分支.
    • PyMySQL - 纯Python MySQL连接件，兼容mysql-python.
    • oursql - 一个更好用的MySQL连接件.
  • PostgreSQL
    • psycopg2 - 最常用的PostgreSQL连接件.
    • queries - A wrapper of the psycopg2 library for interacting with PostgreSQL.
    • txpostgres - Twisted based asynchronous driver for PostgreSQL.
  • 其它关系型数据库
    • apsw - Another Python SQLite wrapper.
    • dataset - Store Python dicts in a database - works with SQLite, MySQL, and PostgreSQL.
    • pymssql - A simple database interface to Microsoft SQL Server.
  • NoSQL数据库
    • cassandra-python-driver - Python driver for Cassandra.
    • HappyBase - A developer-friendly library for Apache HBase.
    • Plyvel - A fast and feature-rich Python interface to LevelDB.
    • py2neo - Python wrapper client for Neo4j's restful interface.
    • pycassa - Python Thrift driver for Cassandra.
    • PyMongo - The official Python client for MongoDB.
    • redis-py - The Redis Python Client.
    • telephus - Twisted based client for Cassandra.
    • txRedis - Twisted based client for Redis.

数据库对象关系模型映射（ORM）

Libraries that implement Object-Relational Mapping or data mapping techniques.

Web框架

Full stack web frameworks.

  • Django - The most popular web framework in Python.
  • Flask - A microframework for Python.
  • Pyramid - A small, fast, down-to-earth, open source Python web framework.
  • Bottle - A fast, simple and lightweight WSGI micro web-framework.
  • CherryPy - A minimalist Python web framework, HTTP/1.1-compliant and WSGI thread-pooled.
  • TurboGears - A microframework that can scale up to a full stack solution.
  • web.py - A web framework for Python that is as simple as it is powerful.
  • web2py - A full stack web framework and platform focused in the ease of use.

内容管理系统（CMS）

Content Management Systems.

  • django-cms - An Open source enterprise CMS based on the Django.
  • djedi-cms - A lightweight but yet powerful Django CMS with plugins, inline editing and performance in mind.
  • FeinCMS - One of the most advanced Content Management Systems built on Django.
  • Kotte - A high-level, Pythonic web application framework built on Pyramid.
  • Mezzanine - A powerful, consistent, and flexible content management platform.
  • Opps - A Django-based CMS for magazines, newspapers websites and portals with high-traffic.
  • Plone - A CMS built on top of the open source application server Zope.
  • Quokka - Flexible, extensible, small CMS powered by Flask and MongoDB.
  • Wagtail - A Django content management system.
  • Widgy - Last CMS framework, based on Django.

电子商务

Frameworks and libraries for e-commerce and payments.

  • django-oscar - An open-source e-commerce framework for Django.
  • django-shop - A Django based shop system.
  • Cartridge - A shopping cart app built using the Mezzanine.
  • shoop - An open source E-Commerce platform based on Django.
  • alipay - Unofficial Alipay API for Python.
  • merchant - A Django app to accept payments from various payment processors.
  • money - Money class with optional CLDR-backed locale-aware formatting and an extensible currency exchange solution.
  • python-currencies - Display money format and its filthy currencies.

RESTful API 框架

Libraries for developing RESTful APIs.

  • Django
  • Flask
    • flask-api - Browsable Web APIs for Flask.
    • flask-restful - Quickly building REST APIs for Flask.
    • flask-restless - Generating RESTful APIs for database models defined with SQLAlchemy.
    • flask-api-utils - Taking care of API representation and authentication for Flask.
    • eve - REST API framework powered by Flask, MongoDB and good intentions.
  • Pyramid
    • cornice - A REST framework for Pyramid.
  • 其它
    • falcon - A high-performance framework for building cloud APIs and web app backends.
    • sandman - Automated REST APIs for existing database-driven systems.
    • restless - Framework agnostic REST framework based on lessons learned from Tastypie.
    • ripozo - Quickly creating REST/HATEOAS/Hypermedia APIs.

授权（Authentication）

Libraries for implementing authentications schemes.

  • OAuth
    • Authomatic - Simple but powerful framework agnostic authentication/authorization client.
    • django-allauth - Authentication app for Django that "just works."
    • django-oauth-toolkit - OAuth2 goodies for the Djangonauts.
    • django-oauth2-provider - Providing OAuth2 access to Django app.
    • Flask-OAuthlib - OAuth 1.0/a, 2.0 implementation of client and provider for Flask.
    • OAuthLib - A generic and thorough implementation of the OAuth request-signing logic.
    • python-oauth2 - A fully tested, abstract interface to creating OAuth clients and servers.
    • python-social-auth - An easy-to-setup social authentication mechanism.
    • rauth - A Python library for OAuth 1.0/a, 2.0, and Ofly.
    • sanction - A dead simple OAuth2 client implementation.
  • 其它
    • jose - JavaScript Object Signing and Encryption draft implementation.
    • PyJWT - Implementation of the JSON Web Token draft 01.
    • python-jws - Implementation of JSON Web Signatures draft 02.
    • python-jwt - Module for generating and verifying JSON Web Tokens.

模板引擎

Libraries and tools for templating and lexing.

  • Jinja2 - A modern and designer friendly templating language.
  • Chameleon - An HTML/XML template engine. Modeled after ZPT, optimized for speed.
  • Genshi - Python templating toolkit for generation of web-aware output.
  • Mako - Hyperfast and lightweight templating for the Python platform.
  • Spitfire - A very fast Python template compiler.

任务队列

Libraries for working with event and task queues.

  • celery - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.
  • huey - Little multi-threaded task queue.
  • mrq - Mr. Queue - A distributed worker task queue in Python using Redis & gevent.
  • rq - Simple job queues for Python.
  • simpleq - A simple, infinitely scalable, Amazon SQS based queue.

搜索工具

Libraries and software for indexing and performing search queries on data.

Feed工具

Libraries for building user's activities.

网站资源管理（压缩、最小化等）

Tools for managing, compressing and minifying website assets.

  • django-compressor - Compresses linked and inline JavaScript or CSS into a single cached file.
  • django-storages - A collection of custom storage back ends for Django.
  • fanstatic - Packages, optimizes, and serves static file dependencies as Python packages.
  • File Conveyor - A daemon to detect and sync files to CDNs, S3 and FTP.
  • Flask-Assets - Helps you integrate webassets into your Flask app.
  • glue - Glue is a simple command line tool to generate CSS sprites.
  • jinja-assets-compressor - A Jinja extension to compile and compress your assets.
  • webassets - Bundles, optimizes, and manages unique cache-busting URLs for static resources.

缓存

Libraries for caching data.

  • Beaker - A library for caching and sessions for use with web applications and stand-alone Python scripts and applications.
  • django-cache-machine - Automatic caching and invalidation for Django models.
  • django-cacheops - A slick ORM cache with automatic granular event-driven invalidation.
  • django-viewlet - Render template parts with extended cache control.
  • dogpile.cache - dogpile.cache is next generation replacement for Beaker made by same authors.
  • HermesCache - Python caching library with tag-based invalidation and dogpile effect prevention.
  • johnny-cache - A caching framework for django applications.
  • pylibmc - A Python wrapper around the libmemcached interface.

电子邮件（email）

Libraries for sending and parsing email.

  • django-celery-ses - Django email back end with AWS SES and Celery.
  • envelopes - Mailing for human beings.
  • flanker - A email address and Mime parsing library.
  • imbox - Python IMAP for Humans.
  • inbox.py - Python SMTP Server for Humans.
  • inbox - The open source email toolkit.
  • lamson - Pythonic SMTP Application Server.
  • mailjet - Mailjet API implementation for batch mailing, statistics and more.
  • marrow.mailer - High-performance extensible mail delivery framework.
  • modoboa - A mail hosting and management platform including a modern and simplified Web UI.
  • pyzmail - Compose, send and parse emails.
  • Talon - Mailgun library to extract message quotations and signatures.

国际化（多语言）

Libraries for working with i18n.

  • Babel - An internationalization library for Python.
  • Korean - A library for Korean morphology.

URL处理

Libraries for parsing URLs.

  • furl - A small Python library that makes manipulating URLs simple.
  • purl - A simple, immutable URL class with a clean API for interrogation and manipulation.
  • pyshorteners - A pure Python URL shortening lib.
  • short_url - Python implementation for generating Tiny URL and bit.ly-like URLs.
  • webargs - A friendly library for parsing HTTP request arguments, with built-in support for popular web frameworks, including Flask, Django, Bottle, Tornado, and Pyramid.

HTML处理

Libraries for working with HTML and XML.

  • BeautifulSoup - Providing Pythonic idioms for iterating, searching, and modifying HTML or XML.
  • bleach - A whitelist-based HTML sanitization and text linkification library.
  • cssutils - A CSS library for Python.
  • html5lib - A standards-compliant library for parsing and serializing HTML documents and fragments.
  • lxml - A very fast, easy-to-use and versatile library for handling HTML and XML.
  • MarkupSafe - Implements a XML/HTML/XHTML Markup safe string for Python.
  • pyquery - A jQuery-like library for parsing HTML.
  • untangle - Converts XML documents to Python objects for easy access.
  • xhtml2pdf - HTML/CSS to PDF converter.
  • xmltodict - Working with XML feel like you are working with JSON.

Web爬虫

Libraries for scraping websites.

  • Scrapy - A fast high-level screen scraping and web crawling framework.
  • cola - A distributed crawling framework.
  • Demiurge - PyQuery-based scraping micro-framework.
  • feedparser - Universal feed parser.
  • Grab - Site scraping framework.
  • MechanicalSoup - A Python library for automating interaction with websites.
  • portia - Visual scraping for Scrapy.
  • pyspider - A powerful spider system.
  • RoboBrowser - A simple, Pythonic library for browsing the web without a standalone web browser.

Web内容解析

Libraries for extracting web contents.

  • Haul - An Extensible Image Crawler.
  • html2text - Convert HTML to Markdown-formatted text.
  • lassie - Web Content Retrieval for Humans.
  • micawber - A small library for extracting rich content from URLs.
  • newspaper - News extraction, article extraction and content curation in Python.
  • opengraph - A Python module to parse the Open Graph Protocol
  • python-goose - HTML Content/Article Extractor.
  • python-readability - Fast Python port of arc90's readability tool.
  • sanitize - Bringing sanity to world of messed-up data.
  • sumy - A module for automatic summarization of text documents and HTML pages.
  • textract - Extract text from any document, Word, PowerPoint, PDFs, etc.

数据验证

Libraries for validating data. Used for forms in many cases.

  • Cerberus - A mappings-validator with a variety of rules, normalization-features and simple customization that uses a pythonic schema-definition.
  • colander - A system for validating and deserializing data obtained via XML, JSON, an HTML form post or any other equally simple data serialization.
  • kmatch - A language for matching/validating/filtering Python dictionaries.
  • schema - A library for validating Python data structures.
  • Schematics - Data Structure Validation.
  • valideer - Lightweight extensible data validation and adaptation library.
  • voluptuous - A Python data validation library. It is primarily intended for validating data coming into Python as JSON, YAML, etc.

管理界面

Libraries for administrative interfaces.

  • Ajenti - The admin panel your servers deserve.
  • django-suit - Alternative Django Admin-Interface (free only for Non-commercial use).
  • django-xadmin - Drop-in replacement of Django admin comes with lots of goodies.
  • flask-admin - Simple and extensible administrative interface framework for Flask.
  • flower - Real-time monitor and web admin for Celery.
  • Grappelli – A jazzy skin for the Django Admin-Interface.
  • Wooey - A Django app which creates automatic web UIs for Python scripts.

静态网站生成

Static site generator is a software that takes some text + templates as input and produces HTML files on the output.

  • Pelican - Uses Markdown or ReST for content and Jinja 2 for themes. Supports DVCS, Disqus. AGPL.
  • Cactus – Static site generator for designers.
  • Hyde - Jinja2-based static web site generator.
  • Nikola - A static website and blog generator.
  • Tinkerer - Tinkerer is a blogging engine/.static website generator powered by Sphinx.

进程管理

Libraries for starting and communicating with OS processes.

  • envoy - Python subprocess for Humans™.
  • sarge - Yet another wrapper for subprocess.
  • sh - A full-fledged subprocess replacement for Python.

并发和并行

Libraries for concurrent and parallel execution.

  • multiprocessing - (Python standard library) Process-based "threading" interface.
  • threading - (Python standard library) Higher-level threading interface.
  • eventlet - Asynchronous framework with WSGI support.
  • gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet.
  • Tomorrow - Magic decorator syntax for asynchronous code.

网络

Libraries for networking programming.

  • asyncio - (Python standard library) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.
  • Tornado - A Web framework and asynchronous networking library.
  • Twisted - An event-driven networking engine.
  • pulsar - Event-driven concurrent framework for Python.
  • diesel - Greenlet-based event I/O Framework for Python.
  • pyzmq - A Python wrapper for the ZeroMQ message library.
  • txZMQ - Twisted based wrapper for the ZeroMQ message library.

WebSocket处理

Libraries for working with WebSocket.

WSGI服务器

兼容WSGI的web服务器.

  • gunicorn - Pre-forked, partly written in C.
  • uwsgi - A project aims at developing a full stack for building hosting services, written in C.
  • bjoern - Asynchronous, very fast and written in C.
  • fapws3 - Asynchronous (network side only), written in C.
  • meinheld - Asynchronous, partly written in C.
  • netius - Asynchronous, very fast.
  • paste - Multi-threaded, stable, tried and tested.
  • rocket - Multi-threaded.
  • waitress - Multi-threaded, poweres Pyramid.
  • Werkzeug - A WSGI utility library for Python that powers Flask and can easily be embedded into your own projects.

远程调用

RPC-compatible servers.

加解密

  • cryptography - A package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers.
  • hashids - Implementation of hashids in Python.
  • Paramiko - A Python (2.6+, 3.3+) implementation of the SSHv2 protocol, providing both client and server functionality.
  • Passlib - Secure password storage/hashing library, very high level.
  • PyCrypto - The Python Cryptography Toolkit.
  • PyNacl - Python binding to the Networking and Cryptography (NaCl) library.

图形界面（GUI）

Libraries for working with graphical user interface applications.

  • curses - Built-in wrapper for ncurses used to create terminal GUI applications.
  • enaml - Creating beautiful user-interfaces with Declaratic Syntax like QML.
  • kivy - A library for creating NUI applications, running on Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Android and iOS.
  • pyglet - A cross-platform windowing and multimedia library for Python.
  • PyQt - Python bindings for the Qt cross-platform application and UI framework, with support for both Qt v4 and Qt v5 frameworks.
  • PySide - Python bindings for the Qt cross-platform application and UI framework, supporting the Qt v4 framework.
  • Tkinter - Tkinter is Python's de-facto standard GUI package.
  • Toga - A Python native, OS native GUI toolkit.
  • urwid - A library for creating terminal GUI applications with strong support for widgets, events, rich colors, etc.
  • wxPython - A blending of the wxWidgets C++ class library with the Python.
  • PyGObject - Python Bindings for GLib/GObject/GIO/GTK+ (GTK+3)
  • Flexx - Flexx is a pure Python toolkit for creating GUI's, that uses web technology for its rendering.

游戏开发

Awesome game development libraries.

  • Cocos2d - cocos2d is a framework for building 2D games, demos, and other graphical/interactive applications. It is based on pyglet.
  • Panda3D - 3D game engine developed by Disney and maintained by Carnegie Mellon's Entertainment Technology Center. Written in C++, completely wrapped in Python.
  • Pygame - Pygame is a set of Python modules designed for writing games.
  • PyOgre - Python bindings for the Ogre 3D render engine, can be used for games, simulations, anything 3D.
  • PyOpenGL - Python ctypes bindings for OpenGL and it's related APIs.
  • PySDL2 - A ctypes based wrapper for the SDL2 library.
  • PySFML - Python bindings for SFML
  • RenPy - A Visual Novel engine.

日志工具

Libraries for generating and working with logs.

  • logging - (Python standard library) Logging facility for Python.
  • logbook - Logging replacement for Python.
  • Eliot - Logging for complex & distributed systems.
  • Raven - The Python client for Sentry.
  • Sentry - A realtime logging and aggregation server.

测试

Libraries for testing codebases and generating test data.

  • 测试框架
    • unittest - (Python standard library) Unit testing framework.
    • nose - nose extends unittest.
    • contexts - A BDD framework for Python 3.3+. Inspired by C#'s Machine.Specifications.
    • hypothesis - Hypothesis is an advanced Quickcheck style property based testing library.
    • mamba - The definitive testing tool for Python. Born under the banner of BDD.
    • PyAutoGUI - PyAutoGUI is a cross-platform GUI automation Python module for human beings.
    • pyshould - Should style asserts based on PyHamcrest.
    • pytest - A mature full-featured Python testing tool.
    • pyvows - BDD style testing for Python. Inspired by Vows.js.
    • Robot Framework - A generic test automation framework.
  • Web测试
    • Selenium - Python bindings for Selenium WebDriver.
    • locust - Scalable user load testing tool written in Python.
    • sixpack - A language-agnostic A/B Testing framework.
    • splinter - Open source tool for testing web applications.
  • Mock
    • mock - (Python standard library) A mocking and patching library.
    • doublex - Powerful test doubles framework for Python.
    • freezegun - Travel through time by mocking the datetime module.
    • httmock - A mocking library for requests for Python 2.6+ and 3.2+.
    • httpretty - HTTP request mock tool for Python.
    • responses - A utility library for mocking out the requests Python library.
    • VCR.py - Record and replay HTTP interactions on your tests.
  • 对象工厂
    • factory_boy - A test fixtures replacement for Python.
    • mixer - Another fixtures replacement. Supported Django, Flask, SQLAlchemy, Peewee and etc.
    • model_mommy - Creating random fixtures for testing in Django.
  • 代码覆盖率
  • 伪数据（生成）
    • faker - A Python package that generates fake data.
    • fake2db - Fake database generator.
    • radar - Generate random datetime / time.
  • 错误处理
    • FuckIt.py - FuckIt.py uses state-of-the-art technology to make sure your Python code runs whether it has any right to or not.

代码分析和优化

Libraries and tools for analysing, parsing and manipulation codebases.

  • 代码分析
    • code2flow - Turn your Python and JavaScript code into DOT flowcharts.
    • pycallgraph - A library that visualises the flow (call graph) of your Python application.
    • pysonar2 - A type inferencer and indexer for Python.
  • 代码检查和优化
    • Flake8 - The modular source code checker: pep8, pyflakes and co.
    • Pylint - A source code analyzer.
    • pylama - Code audit tool for Python and JavaScript.

调试工具

Libraries for debugging code.

  • 调试器
    • ipdb - IPython-enabled pdb.
    • pudb – A full-screen, console-based Python debugger.
    • pyringe - Debugger capable of attaching to and injecting code into Python processes.
    • wdb - An improbable web debugger through WebSockets.
    • winpdb - A Python Debugger with GUI, capable of remote debugging based on rpdb2.
    • django-debug-toolbar - Display various debug information for Django.
    • django-devserver - A drop-in replacement for Django's runserver.
    • flask-debugtoolbar - A port of the django-debug-toolbar to flask.
  • 性能分析
  • 其它

科学计算和数据分析

Libraries for scientific computing and data analyzing.

  • astropy - A community Python library for Astronomy.
  • bcbio-nextgen - A toolkit providing best-practice pipelines for fully automated high throughput sequencing analysis.
  • bccb - Collection of useful code related to biological analysis.
  • Biopython - Biopython is a set of freely available tools for biological computation.
  • blaze - NumPy and Pandas interface to Big Data.
  • cclib - A library for parsing and interpreting the results of computational chemistry packages.
  • NetworkX - A high-productivity software for complex networks.
  • Neupy - Running and testing different Artificial Neural Networks algorithms.
  • Numba - Python JIT (just in time) complier to LLVM aimed at scientific Python by the developers of Cython and NumPy.
  • NumPy - A fundamental package for scientific computing with Python.
  • Open Babel - A chemical toolbox designed to speak the many languages of chemical data.
  • Open Mining - Business Intelligence (BI) in Python (Pandas web interface)
  • orange - Data mining, data visualization, analysis and machine learning through visual programming or Python scripting.
  • Pandas - A library providing high-performance, easy-to-use data structures and data analysis tools.
  • PyDy - Short for Python Dynamics, used to assist with workflow in the modeling of dynamic motion based around NumPy, SciPy, IPython, and matplotlib.
  • PyMC - Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling toolkit.
  • RDKit - Cheminformatics and Machine Learning Software.
  • SciPy - A Python-based ecosystem of open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.
  • statsmodels - Statistical modeling and econometrics in Python.
  • SymPy - A Python library for symbolic mathematics.
  • zipline - A Pythonic algorithmic trading library.

数据可视化

Libraries for visualizing data. See: awesome-javascript.

  • matplotlib - A Python 2D plotting library.
  • bokeh - Interactive Web Plotting for Python.
  • ggplot - Same API as ggplot2 for R.
  • plotly - Collaborative web plotting for Python and matplotlib.
  • pygal - A Python SVG Charts Creator.
  • pygraphviz - Python interface to Graphviz.
  • PyQtGraph - Interactive and realtime 2D/3D/Image plotting and science/engineering widgets.
  • SnakeViz - A browser based graphical viewer for the output of Python's cProfile module.
  • vincent - A Python to Vega translator.
  • VisPy - High-performance scientific visualization based on OpenGL.

视觉计算

Libraries for computer vision.

  • OpenCV - Open Source Computer Vision Library.
  • SimpleCV - An open source framework for building computer vision applications.

机器学习

Libraries for Machine Learning. See: awesome-machine-learning.

  • Crab - A flexible, fast recommender engine.
  • gensim - Topic Modelling for Humans.
  • hebel - GPU-Accelerated Deep Learning Library in Python.
  • NuPIC - Numenta Platform for Intelligent Computing.
  • pattern - Web mining module for Python.
  • PyBrain - Another Python Machine Learning Library.
  • Pylearn2 - A Machine Learning library based on Theano.
  • python-recsys - A Python library for implementing a Recommender System.
  • scikit-learn - A Python module for machine learning built on top of SciPy.
  • vowpal_porpoise - A lightweight Python wrapper for Vowpal Wabbit.

MapReduce

Framworks and libraries for MapReduce.

  • dpark - Python clone of Spark, a MapReduce alike framework in Python.
  • dumbo - Python module that allows one to easily write and run Hadoop programs.
  • luigi - A module that helps you build complex pipelines of batch jobs.
  • mrjob - Run MapReduce jobs on Hadoop or Amazon Web Services.
  • PySpark - The Spark Python API.
  • streamparse - Run Python code against real-time streams of data. Integrates with Apache Storm.

函数式编程

Functional Programming with Python.

  • CyToolz - Cython implementation of Toolz: High performance functional utilities.
  • fn.py - Functional programming in Python: implementation of missing features to enjoy FP.
  • funcy - A fancy and practical functional tools.
  • Toolz - A collection of functional utilities for iterators, functions, and dictionaries.

运维开发工具

Software and libraries for DevOps.

  • Ansible - A radically simple IT automation platform.
  • SaltStack - Infrastructure automation and management system.
  • OpenStack - Open source software for building private and public clouds.
  • Docker Compose - Fast, isolated development environments using Docker.
  • Fabric - A simple, Pythonic tool for remote execution and deployment.
  • cuisine - Chef-like functionality for Fabric.
  • Fabtools - Tools for writing awesome Fabric files.
  • gitapi - Pure-Python API for Git.
  • hgapi - Pure-Python API for Mercurial.
  • honcho - A Python clone of Foreman, for managing Procfile-based applications.
  • pexpect - Controlling interactive programs in a pseudo-terminal like GNU expect.
  • psutil - A cross-platform process and system utilities module.
  • supervisor - Supervisor process control system for UNIX.

任务调度

Libraries for scheduling jobs.

  • APScheduler - A light but powerful in-process task scheduler that lets you schedule functions.
  • django-schedule - A calendaring app for Django.
  • doit - A task runner and build tool.
  • gunnery - Multipurpose task execution tool for distributed systems with web-based interface.
  • Joblib - A set of tools to provide lightweight pipelining in Python.
  • Plan - Writing crontab file in Python like a charm.
  • schedule - Python job scheduling for humans.
  • Spiff - A powerful workflow engine implemented in pure Python.
  • TaskFlow - A Python library that helps to make task execution easy, consistent and reliable.

使用其它语言扩展Python

Libraries for providing foreign function interface.

  • cffi - Foreign Function Interface for Python calling C code.
  • ctypes - (Python standard library) Foreign Function Interface for Python calling C code.
  • PyCUDA - A Python wrapper for Nvidia's CUDA API.
  • SWIG - Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator.

高性能

Libraries for making Python faster.

  • Cython - Optimizing Static Compiler for Python. Uses type mixins to compile Python into C or C++ modules resulting in large performance gains.
  • PeachPy - x86-64 assembler embedded in Python. Can be used as inline assembler for Python or as a stand-alone assembler for Windows, Linux, OS X, Native Client and Go.
  • PyPy - An implementation of Python in Python. The interpreter uses black magic to make Python very fast without having to add in additional type information.
  • Pyston - A Python implementation built using LLVM and modern JIT techniques with the goal of achieving good performance.
  • Stackless Python - An enhanced version of the Python.

Windows工具

Python programming on Microsoft Windows.

  • Python(x,y) - Scientific-applications-oriented Python Distribution based on Qt and Spyder.
  • pythonlibs - Unofficial Windows binaries for Python extension packages.
  • PythonNet - Python Integration with the .NET Common Language Runtime (CLR).
  • PyWin32 - Python Extensions for Windows.
  • WinPython - Portable development environment for Windows 7/8.

网络虚拟化和SDN

网络虚拟化和SDN(Software Defined Networking).

  • Mininet - A popular network emulator and API written in Python.
  • POX - An open source development platform for Python-based Software Defined Networking (SDN) control applications, such as OpenFlow SDN controllers.
  • Pyretic - A member of the Frenetic family of SDN programming languages that provides powerful abstractions over network switches or emulators.
  • SDX Platform - SDN based IXP implementation that leverages Mininet, POX and Pyretic.

硬件

Libraries for programming with hardware.

  • ino - Command line toolkit for working with Arduino.
  • Pyro - Python Robotics.
  • PyUserInput - A module for cross-platform control of the mouse and keyboard.
  • scapy - A brilliant packet manipulation library.
  • wifi - A Python library and command line tool for working with WiFi on Linux.
  • Pingo - Pingo provides a uniform API to program devices like the Raspberry Pi, pcDuino, Intel Galileo, etc.

兼容性

Python 2 和 3兼容性和转换工具.

  • Python-Future - The missing compatibility layer between Python 2 and Python 3.
  • Python-Modernize - Modernizes Python code for eventual Python 3 migration.
  • Six - Python 2 and 3 compatibility utilities.

开发者插件

各种编辑器和IDE的插件.

  • Emacs
    • Elpy - Emacs Python Development Environment.
  • Sublime Text
    • SublimeJEDI - A Sublime Text plugin to the awesome auto-complete library Jedi.
    • Anaconda - Anaconda turns your Sublime Text 3 in a full featured Python development IDE.
  • Vim
    • YouCompleteMe - Includes Jedi-based completion engine for Python.
    • Jedi-vim - Vim bindings for the Jedi auto-completion library for Python.
    • Python-mode - An all in one plugin for turning Vim into a Python IDE.
  • Visual Studio
    • PTVS - Python Tools for Visual Studio.

IDEs

Popular Python IDEs.

  • PyCharm - Commercial Python IDE by JetBrains. Has free community edition available.
  • LiClipse - Free polyglot IDE based on Eclipse. Uses PyDev for Python support.
  • Spyder - Open Source Python IDE.

Python资源

Where to discover new Python libraries.

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